I just finished reading and taking notes from Make a Mind-Controlled Arduino Robot. I only read the useful parts (the Preface and sub-section of Chapter 2: Coding). The most important learning I made was about the OpenEEG project. It's a collection of plans and instructions for people who are getting into EEG and want to build their own EEG.

In my case, I already have an EEG (OpenBCIs Biosensing Starter Bundle).

But what is very cool about the OpenEEG website is that it has all the information anyone needs to build their own EEG and use the available, public software.

I think this is where I'll find the algorithms I'll need to use to start processing the data streams captured with my biosensor.